Since dolphin-plugins 24.05, you can git clone from dolphin with dolphin-plugins git plugin.

Once the plugins are installed and Git is enabled in the context menu settings, you have this context menu action available:

And this shows this git clone dialog (with my french locale):

You can paste a git repository url and it will fetch its branches. If you happen to have a url in your clipboard or a git clone command line, it will directly extract it as the repository url.

This was spearheaded by Nikolai Krasheninnikov, thanks. I participated a bit as well and reviewed it.

There is still opportunity to improve the git implementation, like having a better commit dialog. That would be a nice and simple new contributor opportunity :)